Dear Colleagues,

Digital Transformation and Technological Development based companies are necessary and technical universities can contribute to these activities. It is necessary to implement a good technological policy, complementary to the research policy. The great challenge, particularly for developing countries, is to put engineers and scientists to work together in the development of new products able to enrich the economy of their own countries. Achieving innovation is very difficult, or even impossible, without Technological Development, even if a country does a lot of scientific research; it is imperative for Developing Countries, to achieve economic value from scientific knowledge to improve its own living standard. This is the great challenge but also an opportunity to improve your life system.

Presently, we are on the threshold of the 4th Industrial Revolution, where digital transformation is essential. However, the value created in wealthy countries that design products will tend to increase therefore, the worth of labor in production processes will tend to decrease. Thus, digitalization and the 4th industrial revolution will tend to widen the gap between Developed and Developing Countries. A big challenge is to reverse this trend.

Digital transformation represents a paradigm shift impacting various sectors, with profound implications for information systems and smart cities. This transformation is characterized by integrating advanced digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing, into urban and organizational infrastructures. In the context of smart cities, digital transformation facilitates enhanced urban planning, efficient resource management, and improved quality of life for residents. Utilizing IoT and data analytics enables cities to become more responsive and adaptive to their inhabitants' requirements, optimizing everything from traffic management to energy consumption and public safety. The role of information systems in this transformation is pivotal. Robust information systems are the backbone of data collection, processing, and dissemination, ensuring the smooth operation of smart city initiatives. These systems handle vast amounts of data generated by urban infrastructures and enable data analysis for informed decision-making and strategic planning. However, the shift towards a digital setting is laden with challenges. Data privacy, cybersecurity, and the digital divide present significant hurdles. Ensuring data security in an increasingly connected world is paramount, as is bridging the technology access and literacy gap.

In addition, integrating digital technologies in urban environments demands a sustainable approach, considering environmental impacts and promoting green technologies. As cities evolve into smart urban centers, the balance between technological advancement, environmental sustainability, and social equity becomes more critical.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Gilberto Santos (DSc).

Dr. Maan Habib

Section Editors